Tuesday, December 15, 2009

The Kyoto Protocol




The Kyoto Protocol is a good idea but I believe that the U.S. needs to participate in this. The U.S. released 20.2 percent of the carbon that was emitted into the atmosphere in 2006. this is a significant amount considering that we don't have a huge population. This proves to be a problem that we as a nation need to address. I believe we can do so if we join the Kyoto Protocol. This would result is a change in the life styles of the typical American but it would be to better the environment. I heard on the radio the other day that the government and may large corporations are sacred to commit to this because it would cause an increase in spending which would cause corporations to cut back in other areas, one of which would be employment. they felt as if it was not a good move because it would not be good during the economic recession that the nation is going through at this point in time. I do some what agree with the fact that it will cost a bit more for these corporations to function but it is for the benefit of the worlds atmosphere. i think that the government should act on its own and not think about the fact that these corporations don't want to take away from their profits to help an international cause.








Friday, December 11, 2009

The Man who planted trees

During the last class of the semester, our professor showed us a video of a man who went around, in the desert planting trees. In this desert area there was not a thing growing, not even a bush. The man felt as though it was time to give back to mother nature and the earth. He wanted to make a difference and feel as though he helped in some small way. He planted 1000 trees and made a forest where there was none previously. This in turn helped reduce the CO2 levels, and helped to raise the O2 levels in that area's atmosphere.

After he finished that task he then began to make honey from honey bees. He went on doing other things for the benefit of others and helping the earth.

This movie showed us that one person really can make a difference in their habitat. If people do a few simple, small things, it can add up to one big difference. After learning all about global warming, how the atmosphere is crumbling, how the polar ice caps are melting, etc. it was nice to end the semester with such an uplifting movie. It gets you thinking about how much one or even ten men can accomplish, if they put their minds to it. Quitting would be the worst thing that can happen. If you don't quit, then you can never fail!

Al Gore's theory.... global warming!

Al Gore is respected by many people and has released books, "movies", and articles about global warming. Many people, for some reason still don't believe him, or just don't want to hear it. This is a real and true issue. It effects, not only every American, but every person on this earth. I didn't realize all the facts until my professor showed Gore's video in class.

During the movie An inconvenient Truth Al Gore showed pictures of what was on earth years ago, and what it is now. It is all very fascinating and scary. Al Gore states from his movie, “As important as it is to change the lights and the windows, it is far more important to change the policies, and there are many places where people can find the individual actions that can save energy, save money and reduce pollution, and yet the ultimate solution to this crisis has to come in the form of new policies, new laws and new treaties that are international in scope.”

AL Gore agrees that it is ironic that "he has, from time to time, taken to the entertainment biz to press the case — “a lot of people glean a good bit of knowledge from the humorous treatment of the news” — and he says he would “love the chance” to do a followup to “Truth,” although none is in the works.

Al Gore is a very smart, passionate man who knows what he is talking about. From watching his video I was inspired to change my ways for the better of the earth. I think he should do A follow up to "An Incovienient Truth". It would be great to see if the changes that people have made, has helped the planet at all.

Industry Pollutants affect Obesity in Akwesasne boys and girls

we have spoken in class about the adverse effects that industry pollutants have on the environment. Evidence done in a study of the Akwesasne Nation in New York show that pollutants may be to blame for increase in childhood obesity.

Industry factories were polluting the rivers from which the Akwesasne people fish with Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB's). Some of the corporations with factories in the area are General Motors, and Alcoa Inc.
PCB's are lipophilic, meaning they accumulate in fat tissue. They also bioaccumulate (are passed on through trophic levels) and are highly resistant to breakdown in the body.

Fish was a main part of the Akwesasne diet, but as a result of PCB accumulation in the rivers, an advisory was made to eliminate fishing in these areas and to discontinue consumption of fish from the area. The advisory may have come too late for many individuals who had already been exposed and contaminated by the PCB's. For those who were not, dramatic changes in the diet adversely affected their body weight.

Akwesasne people experience a very low socioeconomic status. Many of these people work in the factories for little pay. We learned in class that low SES individuals tend to purchase calorie-dense foods because they are inexpensive and filling. In Akwesasne Nation, the drastic change in diet was substituting high protein lean fish for calorie-dense and nutrient-deficient foods readily available in stores catering to low-income individuals.

The effects have been drastic.

Information on the effects of PBC's on obesity in Akwesasne nation can be found in the following link.
http://esc.syrres.com/sraupstateny/downloads/symposium%20presentations/david.ppt#18

Enron: What Went Wrong

A while back we watched a film on the Enron scandal in class. This shocked me that a corporation of that size and stature could be in so much trouble and hide it so "well". When doing a little bit more research on the subject I found that they seemed to be in over their heads years before the breakdown, and were spreading themselves to thin to make the all mighty dollar. As much profit as they were bringing in they still wanted more I think that the greed of this corporation was the ultimate cause of their downfall, the other aspect that stuck out to me was the lack of government intervention. I agree the government should not be allowed to stick it's nose in places where it's not needed but I can't help but wonder if the government had stepped in back when local government wanted to step in to regulate prices if that would have helped in the long run. This was one of the biggest bankruptcies in the history of this country and it shows that loopholes never provide stability.

Trade

In class we talked about trade and it's effects, we also talked about the World Trade Organization. In September of this year our president signed to keep our trade embargo up against Cuba. I found this to be a bit unsettling because I thought that he would bring about change. Now I know that he loosened a few bolts by allowing Cuban-Americans to visit relatives and send funds if needed but I feel the same way as the Cuban government feels they are just putting a nice big pretty bow on a problem that really hasn't been fixed. It is also true that Cuba has not made any efforts to change but we as a nation can not force our form of government on everybody you would think that we would have learned it by now, I know that under the Helms-Burton act we can not lift the embargo until we see some type of progress, but I don't really see that happening in the long run. This has been going on since 1962 and I think it's about time that we just leave the past in the past and move on to a future where were can except differences in government so long as they aren't detrimental is some way.

The Last Video

The video that we watched on the last day was one of the most beautiful stories and a perfect way to end the semester. That video showed that one person can make a difference if they try. The only thing is we all can't go out and plant trees although that is a novel idea it still will not be enough to help with all the problems that we have already caused. I believe that strict laws and regulations should be placed into effect to lower the nations carbon dioxide output and all the other harmful toxins that are released, I don't think that big corporations should be allowed to buy offsets to anything this is not doing anything to help an already struggling environment, that is trying to get back on it's feet. We as a race are the most destructive there is we throw off ecosystems left and right for the gain if profit and won't invest in the most important thing that we have: The Earth.If this continues at the rate that it is future generations will pay the price. Most of the nations in the world are working together to do something about this major problem and it seems like we are the only ones that won't get off our high horse and humble ourselves like the rest of the world. The U.S. should be leading this movement to save the environment and atmosphere since we seem to be doing to most damage to it.

Education

In class we discussed education and I didn't chime in because I really don't know how to explain the form of education I received as a child.When I was through with kindergarten at a public school I received a scholarship to attend a private school called Hawthorn Valley. This school is a Waldorf school, there is no way to describe what a Waldorf school is so I provided a link at the bottom for you to read on your own. When speaking to my dad about how to explain my education at this school he said "It's just a different way of teaching, you listen and interpret information differently than most students." I honestly don't think I do but maybe it is true. In this school we didn't spend time learning information that we had to regurgitate back onto a test at the middle and end of the year because there were no state tests.Everything was learned at the classes pace, also there was only one of each grade level and you had the same main teacher for all your main subjects such as history, math, language art, and so on, this allowed for in my mind a closer relationship with you classmates and your instructor. They become like your family, for the eight years I attended that school I had 23 kids in my class a few came and a few yet but there was always that set 23. I'm this school I learned a lot of things that a person who went to a public school would say were unconventional but I beg to differ. I learned to farm, raise animals,care for those animals, knit, sew, cook, hike, survive in the wilderness if need be, multiple languages from a very young age, and to expand on things that I enjoyed. In class there were a few students that said that public schools didn't allow you to expand on things that you found interesting they just got you in and out as fast as they could, that's the main difference I see in the two forms of education one let you expand and explore your options and the other placed you on a set path. I left the Waldorf school to attend a public school in high school because although the school allowed you to explore all of options I didn't feel as if it would prepare me for college and the "real world" as some might say. Even though I did leave I still believe that my years there were some of the most beneficial years of my educational career to this day. I didn't say all this in class because it took me a long time to find the words to express to the class this alternative form if education and how it is beneficial.

Family

In class we also spoke about family. I was raised in a household where family is extremely important and I believe that your family is one of the most important things you have. I believe that in Nancy Folbre's book there is not enough emhphasis on how the nuclear family is run lately. I think that the caring problem is nurtured due to the lack of caring in the nuclear family and that this is the element that needs to be addressed rather than swept under the rug, people now days are so quick to hand their children off to the next person so they can continue their pursuit of their own personal gain. It seems like all to often people who have professional lives family's have to take the runner up position. The lack of caring in families I believe is what is leading to the decline in the "invisible heart", and like Folbre's stated this is due to the increase in the pursuit of personal gain.When Smith came up with this theory he believed in the good of humankind and didn't think that people were capable of being that selfish,but this is where he is at fault because it seems that personal gain is far more rewarding that caring for others. I think that everyone needs to take a step back and look at what is occurring and if that doesn't work then more money should be put into the business of caring so people have an incentive to care. In the end I still think that this is a problem that has it's roots deeply embedded in the family,and nuclear families in this country have some issues that need to be worked on.
  • The Invisible Heart: Economics and Family Values. New York: The New Press, 2001

Alternative Energy

Lately there has been a lot if talk in my community about solar power,two of my close friends are going to school at Hudson Valley Community College to learn how to install the panels, and learn more in depth about the solar market. One of my friends always tells me that this is going to be the new market and that it is going to make money, I agree with him to a certain extent but not fully. I believe that solar power could very well be one of the most useful forms of power the only thing that I see posing as a problem is the financial aspect. The reason why people use oil or any other form of fossil fuel as a power source is because it is not hard to obtain and it is inexpensive to use.Eventually both of those statements will be false do to the factor of peak oil that is inevitable in the long run. This is where solar power could do some good the only downside to this is the financial burden that it has. If solar power were made less expensive I believe more people that are environmentally conscious would use this form of energy for their homes and businesses, and if there was some form incentive for corporations to make the switch like tax breaks or government funding I believe they would readily make the switch too. As with most things positive reinforcement is needed to cause a change.

The Many Benefits of Urban Living

There seems to be a negative stigma attached to the idea of living in urban environments. Arguments arise about pollution and over-crowding. But as someone who grew up in an urban environment, I can attest to the many pros of living in a big city. A lecture in my Human Growth and Development class proved that there are more benefits to Urban Living than just environmental ones.

Earlier in the semester we watched a video titled "The End of Suburbia". It highlighted the many cons of living in the suburbs and the environmental implications that exist in attempting to sustain the suburban lifestyle. Suburbs tend to be isolated from businesses and places of work. This increases the need for vehicles to get around. Obviously, that has implications on the environment. Using a vehicle as a primary means for transportation has a negative effect on the health of individuals as well because it decreases the opportunity for exercise. Though, in children, this can be countered with participation in sports and recreational activities, adults in the suburbs tend to lead a much more sedentary life-style. This may be a contributor to the obesity epidemic.

City dwellers tend to use mass transit for transportation, lowering carbon dioxide emissions. The proximity of businesses, schools and jobs means people can walk or cycle to and from their destinations. City parks provide green space for recreational activities as well as reduction of atmospheric CO2. There is more opportunity for physical activity, which may help decrease rates of obesity.

I know many people will agree will not agree with the idea that raising a family in a city/urban environment is better, but I found growing up in an urban environment to be a positive experience for me. There are parks within walking distance of most residential areas. I could go to the museum or the theatre or school without the need of a vehicle. I was exposed to a wide variety of cultures. There was always something to see or do; some new food to try or new person to talk to. I gained a certain wisdom that can't necessarily be measured, but I know has everything to do with my constant exposure to different people and situations.

Of course, cities are not perfect. There are dangers that exist there just like anywhere else, but I think the benefits outweigh the costs.

My Carbon Footprint





carbonfootprint.com defines a carbon footprint as:
"a measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, and in particular climate change. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day-to-day lives through burning fossil fuels for electricity, heating and transportation etc."
The image above, from carbonfootprint.com, shows the percentages that daily activities and consumption contribute to carbon dioxide emissions.

There are a number of websites available that offer people the opportunity to calculate their carbon footprint based on their daily activities and behaviors. One such website is nature.org.

The Carbon footprint calculator calculates your individual or household carbon footprint in tons of CO2 eq/year. The calculator asked me questions about home heating, travelling, appliance use, energy efficient light bulb use, diet and meat consumption, and recycling habits.

My results were quite surprising and lower than I expected. According to the calculator my personal carbon footprint is 7.9 (tons CO2 eq/year). This is compared to the average American's personal carbon footprint, estimated at 27, and the world average, estimated at 5.5. I was also surprised to see how much higher the carbon footprint of the average American is in comparison to the rest of the world. It makes me think that policies need to be made to regulate our carbon emissions. What's the awareness of climate change has not seemed to decrease the CO2 emissions in this country.

The fact that I don't drive a car may have a lot to do with my low carbon footprint. I live in a very large city with an efficient public transportation system. Owning a car is neither necessary nor convenient. I reside in an apartment building which does not allow me to regulate the temperature in my apartment, however, all of my light bulbs are energy efficient as are the majority of my appliances. This may also contribute to my lower footprint.

Another thing nature.org does is breakdown your behavior and offer advice on how to reduce your carbon footprint. I think everyone should visit the website and have their carbon footprint calculated. Is it lower or higher than you expected?

http://www.nature.org/initiatives/climatechange/calculator/

http://www.carbonfootprint.com/carbonfootprint.html

Kyoto Protocol, Is it doomed to fail?

The Kyoto Protocol is an agreement signed by members of the United Nations, set forth by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1997 and ratified in 2005.

The goal of the Kyoto Protocol is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 5 percent below reported levels in 1990. 37 "Annex 1" countries commit to reducing the following greenhouse gases

Carbon Dioxide
Methane
Nitrous Oxide
Sulfur-Hexaflouride

as well as
HFC's and PFC's (Flourocarbons)

Reported levels of greenhouse gases in 1990 were:

335 ppm Carbon Dioxide
1616 ppb Methane
310 ppb Nitrous Oxide
(global levels of Sulfur Hexaflouride not found)

Today, Carbon Dioxide levels have increased to above 385ppm. Methane levels are above 1750ppb and nitrous oxide levels are above 315ppb.

The Protocol places more pressure on developed nations that are principally responsible for the increase in greenhouse gas emissions at the turn of the century.

The problem with this is that, today, the nations most responsible for greenhouse emissions are developing countries just entering industrialization and attempting to catch up with already developed nations. The developing countries have substantially larger populations as well, which just duplicates the problem. If the protocol does not pressure them to commit to reducing emissions, the efforts of the treaty will be fruitless.

Another problem is that developed countries, like the United States, have diminished their greenhouse emissions by outsourcing their factories and plants to developing nations. This is completely counterproductive to the efforts of the protocol

It seems as if the Kyoto protocol is just a document showing the UN's intent on doing something about climate change. According to carbonify.com, signers to the agreement are not bound to commit to it unless their government ratifies it.

Worse yet, the United States recently refused to ratify the Kyoto Protocol under the excuse that it would be bad for the economy. The irony is that the U.S. is one of the largest contributors to greenhouse emissions in the world. Another reason the U.S. refused to ratify the agreement was because developing nations like China would not be obligated to commit to the conditions of the agreement.

how can the UNFCCC expect to meet it's goals of reducing greenhouse emissions to safer levels if nations are not participating in the efforts?

Please watch this CNN video about the Kyoto Agreement

http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/tech/2009/12/06/coren.kyoto.backgrounder.cnn.html

The following websites further explain the Kyoto Protocol, as well as it's limitations and successes. I encourage you all to check them out and let me know what you think. I am curious to see your positions on the ratification of the Protocol in the U.S.

http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php

http://www.carbonify.com/articles/kyoto-protocol.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol

Sequestration of Carbon in the Oceans

The increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the reasons behind climate change. Much of the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is due to human activity. Carbonify.com puts November's levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide at 385.99 parts per million. That is the highest it has been for November in the last 50years, and 100 ppm higher than pre-industrial times(a).

In efforts to reverse the carbon dioxide emissions, scientists have created very innovative ways of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. I read an article in Science Daily about using the Ocean to trap excess CO2 emissions. I did a little more research and found that scientists have been developing many ways to use the Ocean as a tool against climate change.

There are two methods under research at the moment for trapping carbon dioxide in the ocean. One method is injecting liquefied carbon dioxide into the deep ocean. Presumably, the pressure at the bottom of the ocean is strong enough to keep carbon dioxide from escaping from it's liquid form. "At great depths, CO2 is denser than sea water, and it may be possible to store it on the bottom as liquid or deposits of icy hydrates,"(b)

The second method under research is fertilizing the oceans. Phytoplankton on the surface of the ocean remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere pretty efficiently. Fertilizing the oceans with iron would promote phytoplankton growth and increase carbon dioxide removal with the assumption that the CO2 consumed by these microorganisms would sink to the bottom of the ocean and remain sequestered there or be consumed with the phytoplankton by fish(b).

However brilliant these methods may seem, they are simply hypotheses and may fail. My concern is that testing these methods would mean experimenting with the delicate ecosystems that exist in the oceans.

Water and carbon dioxide mix together to form carbonic acid(b). High levels of carbonic acid in the oceans could change the pH and have adverse effects on the organisms living in them. The last thing we need is to disrupt another ecosystem.

Fertilizing the oceans may have adverse effects as well. It is not known for certain that the carbon sequestered in the phytoplankton will sink to the bottom, nor is it known what happens to carbon once it sinks to the bottom (b). One experiment done in the Antarctic Ocean found that "seven weeks after the experiment ended a distinct pattern of iron-fertilized plankton was still visible from space -- 'which means the fixed carbon was still at the surface.'"

Further detail on these experiment can be found at the links below.

Carbon sequestration sounds like an interesting idea, however, it is only a quick fix to the massive problem at hand. It will never work to eliminate excess emissions of CO2 if we continue life as we do. Changes must be made to reduce CO2 emissions so that our oceans don't have to pick up the slack.

(a) http://www.carbonify.com/carbon-dioxide-levels.htm
Visit this website. It provides up to date information about current atmospheric CO2 levels as well as historical data and tips on reducing our carbon footprint.

(b)http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sea-carb-bish.html

(c)http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/02/080218134635.htm

Here is a link to a graph on thedailygreen.com showing trends in CO2 emissions over the last fifty years

http://www.thedailygreen.com/cm/thedailygreen/images/sY/carbon-dioxide-trend-lg.jpg

Thursday, December 10, 2009

Final Say



People and resources are two extremely important factors in our world constantly affecting one another. Energy, nitrogen, water, etc. are all resources that people use for survival. From the very beginning people have been finding new ways to improve and simplify their lives. If you believe in the classic story that cave men discovered how to make and control fire then really you can say that is where it all began. Of course before this there were other ways to make tools out of wood or stone, ways to hunt, eat, and live, but fire is really where it all began. Once people realized there were new things yet to be invented and discovered, the hunt was on.
One major discovery that has greatly affected our population and resources today is nitrogen-based fertilizer. Of course it can be seen as a great discovery because without it hundreds of populations would no longer be able to survive, but it has also greatly affected our energy consumption.

Today energy is one of the major issues in our society. Where would we be if we really did run out of energy? What will happen when we reach peak oil and when it simply just cannot be accessed anymore? Where will people turn? Oil is used to power everything from cars, to homes, to simply the way of life as we know it, so without it what really will happen?

The world, especially the US, has become accustomed to a “lifestyle” of quickness and convenience. From fast food, to large superstores, to bottled water, our lives have been transformed it what seems like an irreversible way. Now that we have experienced having these things how can we really live without them? Well the fact is we really can.
We all went five days without something we believed we couldn’t live without, and guess what, we’re all still here. Although it may have been somewhat of an inconvenience or frustrating, we all managed to work through something we thought we would never be able to do. Now that we know we really can live without these things previously believed to be necessities, we really need to rethink our way of life.

Our population, climate, and basically our “lifestyle” is simply out of control and is spiraling down a path of destruction. We always expect that others will take care of our problems for us, but it has come to a time where this simply is not the case. We need to begin to work together to really have an effect.

Although recently some people have been trying to cut back on their extensive use of resources, no one really has a sense of urgency on how big of an issue it could be if we really do run out of resources. Just like climate change, people know it exists and admit it is an issue affecting them and the world, yet fail to really do anything about it. As we’ve learned in class we have become somewhat of a lazy and selfish society. We like things quickly with little effort and we worry about ourselves before anyone else. Most think they don’t need to do anything because someone else will do it, which will make up for them not doing anything. Really many need to refocus their ideas and mind-state. We all really need to start putting in the effort and working together if anything is ever going to get accomplished.

The US is one of the great and well-known developed nations and we really do need to be careful of our actions. Other nations see what we have and they want this too. We have given them the information and the technology to become like us and what will happen to the world if there are more nations just like the US? We are one of the leading CO2 emitters in the world and if all the other nations start to catch up to us, who knows what could happen.

People don’t realize that all their actions have a consequence. Maybe not directly on themselves but on somebody, somewhere. From this class alone we have learned so many ways and have heard so many great ideas on how we could possibly make a difference to really save the Earth. Now all we have to do is really just make the effort.

So many amazing discoveries and inventions have been made for millions of years so now if we simply change our focus onto discovering or doing something that will help to save us, we really could accomplish something great. Although it is important for our scientists to continue to work on discovering the cure to so many diseases and illness that effect so many of us, we really need to just put more focus than we have been on helping to save the world. Because after all, if theres no Earth left, there will be no people left to save.

Ever since discovery and inventions, people are constantly searching for new ways to make their lives easier, more efficient, or more convenient. They want ways to make more and more money so they can buy more things. People always want more and more of everything they consume. As most say, the more the better. However, convenience and more is NOT always better. Ultimately, this train of thought could become the downfall to our kind. Resources are our only hope for survival and without them all this money and all these products people massively consume will simply mean nothing. If we use all our necessary resources up for things that are simply for convenience the effects could be devastating.

Finally, the idea of “going green” really needs to be revised. Campuses, companies, and almost everyone these days claim to be “going green”. This term, however, has simply become very broad. Just because you put more recycling bins out that say “go green” or put in hand dryers rather than paper towel dispensers, these are only a few of the things that can really be done. Also, sometimes companies will stick a “green” label on a product, simply because they made one ingredient different of “green”. What about all the other ingredients? Since people then buy these products, thinking they really are doing something “green” they believe that this is enough to have an effect, when really they’re just buying pretty much the same product they used to buy. “Going green” really needs to be changed to something that means something, not just something that makes people, look or feel better about themselves when really they didn’t even do that much.

We need to take a step back and look around. Everything, everywhere is changing. The world is not the place it used to be and we are the generation who can do something about stopping the current predicament. As Al Gore discussed, think about it as a blessing. We have an opportunity to change the world for the better, so why not do something great? We could and need to be the hero generation he talked about. We have been brought up in a society where we have a chance to make a difference and we not only have the technology but the information to make a difference. We need to be the generation that everybody looks back on and really admires for allowing them to be where they are. The generation that everybody looks back on and says, I'm thankful somebody did something to get us to where we are today.

This class has really had an impact on what leaning something new really is all about. Everywhere I look now it seems like everything has to do with the environment, energy, going green, or stopping global warming. Everything somehow relates back to what we have been learning in this class. It hasn’t been about simply memorizing definition after definition, taking 80 question tests, or writing a million papers, its really simply been about speaking your mind and learning from others. In the end, people and resources go hand in hand and without either, nothing would exist. Remember, we are all a team, and together just about anything is possible as long as we really try.

“We must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools.”
-Martin Luther King, Jr.



William Cline: The Economics of Global Warming

Cline, William. The Economics of Global Warming. Washington, D.C.: Institute for International Economics, 1992.

Humans increase the amount of greenhouse gases released into the environment; however, natural factors also increase the greenhouse effect and are the cause of global warming. Global warming is continues to occur at this very moment, just like the Ice Age happened naturally overtime. But humans can decrease the amount of greenhouse gases being emitted into the environment by correcting some of their actions. If humans are not willing to correct their daily lifestyles, then they should realize how it would affect people in the future. Global warming would greatly endanger animals, humans, plant life, and the United States economy. William Cline declared:

Annual losses from sea-level rise would amount to an estimated $7 billion… Increased electricity requirements for air conditioning would amount to some $11 billion annually… Increased urban pollution with warmer weather would impose an annual cost on the order of $4 billion. An increased incidence of mortality with heat stress would amount to some $6 billion in annual losses. The lumber value of forest loss would be over $3 billion annually. Other tangible costs would arise from increased hurricane and forest fire damage, and there would be additional net infrastructure costs from increased immigration (Cline 5)

All these mortalities and amounts of money are not worth people thinking global warming is not important and not caring on what affect it will have on our children and the future of world.

In order to help save our grandchildren, we have to do our part in the world today to help for the future. As inhabitants of earth, we can walk more and drive less, or drive hybrids so there are less gases being emitted; use light bulbs that have the energy star; reduce, reuse, recycle; use water, heating, and air conditioning efficiently; plant trees and plants; and most importantly spread the news to others. These are just a few of the many solutions we can do to help slow the process of global warming. Our carbon footprints, which are the amount of carbon dioxide we produce, must be observed and decreased. If everyone in the world made a few of these changes, the world would be drastically better already.

Global warming is real, and is happening at this very moment. The fact that there are natural factors causing it, just means there is no stopping it. However, because humans are also causing these climatic changes, it can be slowed down.

Human Effect on the Environment: Global Warming

http://www.climatecrisis.net


Global Warming can be briefly defined as the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans. However, there are so many ins and outs and causes and effects of Global Warming. Before the topic of Global Warming was brought to the table it was thought, better yet assumed by many people that our world is so big that we could not effect it in the least bit. Although that may have been true thousands of years ago, it does not hold true today. Our technologies and advancements have grown so great, that they, or better yet we, are actually destroying our world. So although we are moving forward in history as so advanced, our world is actually getting worse with each second that goes by.

Our earth’s atmosphere is the most vulnerable aspect of our ecological system. Carl Sagan explains it by saying “If you had a globe covered with a coat of varnish, the thickness of that varnish would be about the same thickness of the earth’s atmosphere compared to the earth itself”. The earth’s atmosphere is supposed to protect us from bad but all we are doing is destroying that protection ourselves. Research shows that the world has now become hotter than at any time during the past 1000 years. Global warming is changing distributions of plants and animals, including animal migration, population sizes and growth rates. It is changing the intensity and frequency of storms, droughts, fires, raising the level of the oceans, and melting glaciers. Unfortunately, all of these consequences are life-altering effects. Scientific research shows that heat-trapping emissions from human activities have caused most of the global warming observed over the past 50 years. The types of human activities that cause these heat emissions are such things as gases produced by vehicles, power plants, industrial processes and deforestation. In addition to those emissions, the intermingling of highways, human developments, plantations, and farms with nature has enormously fallen under the options for nature’s response to the current warming.

In my opinion, the small things can make a difference if everyone participates. Some things we can do to help save our environment are:

Change a light.

Drive less.

Recycle more.

Check your tires.

Use less hot water.

Avoid products with a lot of packaging.

Adjust your thermostat.

Plant a tree.

Turn off electronic devices.

Most importantly: Spread the word worldwide.